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Programmatic advertising explained

What is programmatic advertising?

Programmatic advertising is an automated, real-time method to bid, buy and place digital advertising impressions across the internet.

This differs from the traditional media buying method, where buyers work directly with individual publishers to send requests for proposals, negotiate rates and terms, submit insertion orders, coordinate mechanical files and receive performance metrics at the conclusion of the agreement.

Programmatic advertising is a more data-driven strategy that utilizes advanced targeting, wide-reaching ad inventory and bidding algorithms to serve the right digital ads to the right users for the right price – all in real time. This process occurs through an ad exchange, which is a digital marketplace that lets brands buy and sell advertising space. One popular exchange is the Google Display Network, but many other programmatic exchanges also provide access to nearly all webpages.

How programmatic advertising works
Diagram showing how programmatic advertising works

What kinds of ads can be placed via programmatic advertising?

“Digital advertising” means much more today than it did 10 years ago… or 5 years ago, for that matter. Depending on your programmatic advertising provider, it can include a range of asset types, including:

Display ads

Also known as banner ads, these are the rectangular graphic ads that typically appear along the top, side or bottom of a webpage or app. They use images, minimal text and sometimes animation to increase brand awareness and generate click-throughs. Programmatic display ads

Video ads

Short video ads, typically up to 30 seconds, can run before and after videos on a website or like a commercial on any television connected to the internet. You can track awareness and recognition by view-through rate, which measures how many viewers watched the full ad.

Display and video ads can also be shown outside of computer, phone and television screens. Programmatic advertising allows the same creative to be placed on digital outdoor billboards and signage in office buildings and hotels. Two types of programmatic video ads

Native ads

Built to match the visual design and function of natural content on a media site, these ads often use a simple static image and short title and description. Native ads are relatively unobtrusive to a user’s experience and can be great for promoting longform branded content, such as articles or white papers. Native can be another creative output for your brand awareness campaign or utilized to further engagement, tracking metrics like time on site or downloads. Programmatic native ads

Audio ads

Short, audio-only ads can be heard on platforms like streaming radio (Spotify, Sirius XM, Pandora) or podcasts. These ads often come with a companion display ad that appear while your ad plays, resulting in additional message reinforcement. Similar to video ads, you can track how many users listened to the ad in full, which is called audio completion rate. Programmatic audio ad

Display ads

Also known as banner ads, these are the rectangular graphic ads that typically appear along the top, side or bottom of a webpage or app. They use images, minimal text and sometimes animation to increase brand awareness and generate click-throughs. Programmatic display ads

Video ads

Short video ads, typically up to 30 seconds, can run before and after videos on a website or like a commercial on any television connected to the internet. You can track awareness and recognition by view-through rate, which measures how many viewers watched the full ad. Display and video ads can also be shown outside of computer, phone and television screens. Programmatic advertising allows the same creative to be placed on digital outdoor billboards and signage in office buildings and hotels. Two types of programmatic video ads

Native ads

Built to match the visual design and function of natural content on a media site, these ads often use a simple static image and short title and description. Native ads are relatively unobtrusive to a user’s experience and can be great for promoting longform branded content, such as articles or white papers. Native can be another creative output for your brand awareness campaign or utilized to further engagement, tracking metrics like time on site or downloads. Programmatic native ads

Audio ads

Short, audio-only ads can be heard on platforms like streaming radio (Spotify, Sirius XM, Pandora) or podcasts. These ads often come with a companion display ad that appear while your ad plays, resulting in additional message reinforcement. Similar to video ads, you can track how many users listened to the ad in full, which is called audio completion rate. Programmatic audio ad

How can you target using programmatic advertising?

There are many ways to target users online: who they are, where they are, what they look at online and much more. Programmatic advertising lets you combine a variety of tactics to build the most specific and strategic audience for your message.

 

Who they are

Many digital ad platforms use assumptions about who a person is based on what websites they visit or keywords they search, but programmatic targeting is based on actual user data. Since this tactic is based on an individual’s characteristics, ads can appear wherever target users may be online across all domains and apps.
  • Audience targeting uses demographics, such as an individual’s age, sex, household income and family size, as well as professional characteristics like what industry they work in, their job title, their company’s size and revenue.
  • Customer relationship management (CRM) data can extend a campaign’s reach by targeting current and prospective customers. Once uploaded to a demand-side platform (DSP), CRM lists are transformed into anonymized data segments to protect user data privacy.
  • Retargeting is one of the most important tactics for a brand to re-engage users who previously visited your site. For a designated time, it will show your brand’s ads to those users as they proceed with other web activity.
 

Where they are

Geographic targeting allows advertisers to reach audiences within a defined geographic boundary. If your target users are only located in certain locations, you can focus your budget on those high-value areas. This targeting strategy is also great for region-specific messages, promotions and events.
  • Geography refines by traditional factors like designated marketing area (DMA), city, state and more.
  • Hyperlocal targets people based on their real-time location. This requires providing latitudinal and longitudinal coordinates or exact addresses to build a radius around those locations.
  • Geo-retargeting uses company names or specific addresses to build a segment of people that have been at a specific location within a designated lookback window.
 

What they look at online

Rather than targeting individuals, brands can have their ads shown alongside relevant content. Called contextual targeting, this method shows ads on websites or webpages their audience might be interested in.
  • Topic or category targeting narrows in on relevant media outlets a brand’s ads might appear. It can be broad, like news, sports or business, or specific to an industry.
  • Interest targeting is a subset of contextual, which creates sets of webpages that are relevant to a topic a user may be browsing for. For example, you could target users who read articles and topic-specific sites that demonstrate an interest in Business Software.
  • Keyword targeting allows companies to have their ads appear on any webpage that includes a specific keyword phrase. This is utilized most effectively with a robust SEO/SEM strategy.
  • Allow or block lists can also be applied to specify webpages you actively want your ads to appear on or be excluded from.

Why use programmatic advertising?

Programmatic has many benefits for brands and agencies who may be managing multiple campaigns on a daily basis.

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Increased productivity

Programmatic advertising allows you to set bids automatically, saving valuable time and resources and improving efficiency with your budget. You no longer need to coordinate multiple direct buys but can view all your ad creative assets, audience segments, tactics and various targeting methods within one campaign. Automation is not only used for bids, but reporting can be set to deliver on any schedule. The ease of use gives you more time to dedicate to forming insights and making strategic decisions.

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Reduced advertising costs

A cost per mille (CPM, otherwise known as cost per thousand impressions) that is otherwise manually negotiated can be decided in advance at a typically lower rate. Built-in optimization tools keep bids as low as possible while also limiting wasted spend on irrelevant sites or users.

Accuracy

Increased ad effectiveness

With layered targeting abilities and a variety of compatible creative formats, a brand can reach their target audience, however niche, with a comprehensive user experience. Using real-time data, you can compare ad performance and optimize instantly – whether it’s switching out creative, pausing underperforming tactics or shifting budget between targeting types. Algorithms and machine learning help the targeting improve over time so that your ads appear on the most relevant sites and to users who are most likely to take action.

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Easily trackable

With the ability to add custom micro fields to your URL, the transparency of ROI (return on investment) is so robust that it can be drilled down to a single ad placement. Since all performance data is available to advertisers instantly, real-time reporting can be accessed at any time.

How will programmatic advertising be affected by data privacy rules?

Virtually all marketing and advertising strategies will be affected in one way or another when Google ends third-party cookies. At the time of writing, this process is planned for late 2024. This isn’t a completely new complication to the digital advertising industry, as users have used pop-up blockers and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was put into action years ago. Media companies have been working on ongoing solutions, including cookie-less conversions, opt-in screens, and more.

  • First-party data is more important than ever, and brands should be prepared (if they’re not already) to use language that confirms their audience has agreed to receive marketing and advertising materials. First-party cookies give you control and full ownership of data so you can protect and control it responsibly. These cookies are not subject to automatic ad blockers.
  • Contextual targeting will continue to play a large role in programmatic strategies, as relevant websites will keep selling their ad space to advertisers who target by keywords and industry sites.
  • Retargeting will still exist, but may look different. Brands can integrate their first-party data directly to other platforms that can then utilize it for retargeting with no cookie-based tracking needed.

Programmatic advertising is an important part of a media strategy, especially for B2B brands. It is a cost-efficient and scalable tactic to effectively reach your target users anywhere where they may be online.

Add programmatic to your media strategy.

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236 S. Boylan Ave, Suite 100
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